语态¶
主动语态变化的是 时间，被动语态在此基础上把 状态 换成被动形式：
| 主动 | 被动 |
|---|---|
| do | be done |
| be doing | be being done |
| have done | have been done |
| have been doing | have been being done |
被动语态的 16 种形式¶
| 时间 \ 状态 | 一般（simple） be done |
进行（progressive） being done |
完成（perfect） have been done |
完成进行（perfect progressive） have been being done |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 过去（past） | was/were done | was/were being done | had been done | had been being done |
| 现在（present） | am/is/are done | am/is/are being done | have/has been done | have/has been being done |
| 将来（future） | shall/will be done | shall/will be being done | shall/will have been done | shall/will have been being done |
| 过去将来（future in the past） | should/would be done | should/would be being done | should/would have been done | should/would have been being done |
Note
完成进行时的被动形式（have been being done）以及将来进行时的被动形式（will be being done）在实际中极少使用。
被动语态中，动作的执行者用 by 引出，如 The window was broken by Tom.
主动语态的 16 种形式见时态。