主谓一致¶
主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致：主语是单数，谓语用单数形式；主语是复数，谓语用复数形式。一般现在时中第三人称单数的变化规则见动词 · 第三人称单数。
判断时遵循三个原则：
| 原则 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 语法一致 | 按主语的语法形式（单数或复数）决定谓语 |
| 意义一致 | 按主语在上下文中实际表示的意义决定谓语 |
| 就近一致 | 由离谓语最近的主语决定，常见于 or、either…or…、neither…nor…、there be 等句型 |
常见情况：
- 主语的单复数与谓语一致
- I am a student.
- They are students.
- 国家、机构、书名等专有名词的复数形式看作整体，谓语用单数
- The United States was founded in 1776.
- Three Kingdoms is a good story.
- 时间、金钱、距离等单位看作整体，谓语用单数
- Two dollars is no big deal.
- Four miles is not a long way.
- many a… 或 more than one + 名词作主语，谓语用单数
- Many a man is smoking.
- More than one man is smoking.
- one and a half + 复数名词作主语，谓语用单数
- One and a half watermelons is in the fridge.
- 加减乘除运算中，谓语用单数
- Five times five is twenty-five.
- each、every、one、no one，以及 some/any/no/every + body/one/thing 作主语或限定词，谓语用单数
- Each student is in the classroom.
- Everyone is in the classroom.
- one of + 复数名词，谓语用单数
- One of the students in our school is from the United States.
- 集体名词表整体时谓语用单数，表其中的成员时谓语用复数
- The family was in a poor way.
- The family are all fond of music.
- 单复数同形的名词，根据上下文判断
- A fish was back in the water.
- Some fish are still alive.
- a number of + 复数名词表示“许多”，谓语用复数；the number of + 复数名词表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数
- A number of scientists are single.
- The number of scientists in the lab is five.
- 就近原则：离谓语近的名词决定谓语单复数
- There is one computer and two phones.
- Here are two apples and one banana.